نشریه پژوهش توانبخشی در پرستاری
سال سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 10، زمستان 1395)

Spinal cord injury is a disability with a very wide range of impacts on the quality of life of patients¡ causing several problems. Therefore¡ this study aimed to evaluate the quality of life in disabled patients due to spinal cord injury during Bam earthquake.
This was a cross-sectional study and the study population was chosen from patients with spinal cord injury disabilities due to the Bam earthquake disaster. In this study¡ 65 people with spinal cord injury in Bam city¡ Iran were selected by convenience sampling method. The World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life (QOL) questionnaire was used to collect data. After collecting data¡ they were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and independent t-test.
The results showed that physical¡ psychological¡ social and environmental aspects of quality of life of people with spinal cord injury disabilities caused by Bam earthquake disaster had a significant difference compared to the components in general Iranian population. In addition¡ a significant difference (P The results showed that the mean scores obtained in the quality of life of persons with disabilities at all levels of spinal cord injury in Bam was significantly different (P

In rehabilitation medicine¡ using targeted and personalized approaches are proposed¡ so that training protocols adjustments¡ based on gender¡ age¡ level of disability and the rate of progress¡ can have more favorable results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personalized comprehensive rehabilitation training on static and dynamic balance in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) with different levels of disability.
In this quasi-experimental study¡ 92 patients admitted to the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Shahrekord city in 2015 were selected and on the basis of disability categorized into three groups of mild¡ moderate and severe. Then¡ each group was randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The personalized comprehensive rehabilitation training program was implemented during 12 weeks¡ three times per week. Static and dynamic balance were assessed by standing on one leg and timed up and go tests¡ respectively¡ using SPSS version 21.
The results showed that 12 weeks of training resulted in improvement in static and dynamic balance in women with MS presenting different levels of disability (P The implementation of the comprehensive rehabilitation exercises affected the recovery of patients with MS and made a significant difference in their static and dynamic balance. According to the results¡ it is recommended that experts use these exercises as complementary therapies along with drug treatments for patients with MS.

Cancer is one of the major health issues in Iran and the world. Due to the nature of the disease¡ many cancer patients need palliative care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of breast cancer patients referred to Shohada hospital after receiving palliative and support care.
This study had a cross-sectional design. The study population included all patients with metastatic breast cancer¡ who were receiving palliative and support care involving nutrition¡ pain¡ spiritual therapy¡ surgery¡ complementary medicine¡ wound care¡ psychiatric¡ psychological counseling and rehabilitation at Shohada hospital during the period from the beginning of September 2013 to the beginning of September 2014.
The findings showed that 31% of breast cancer patients¡ who received palliative and support care¡ had good quality of life¡ 18% had relatively good quality of life and 51% had poor quality of life. Also¡ 46% of participants in emotional function¡ 42% in physical function¡ 36% in cognitive function¡ 35% in social functioning and 29% in role functioning had unfavorable status.
According to the results¡ palliative and supportive care had no significant effect for improving the quality of life in patients with breast cancer. However¡ in some areas of functional aspects of quality of life such as role function¡ cognitive function and social function¡ there was a reduction in some signs and symptoms such as nausea¡ vomiting and constipation.

The beneficial effect of exercise on glucose control in type 2 diabetes is associated with several risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of two exercise therapy methods on cardiometabolic health of overweight middle-aged females with diabetes mellitus.
Overall¡ 52 overweight female type 2 diabetic patients (age; 45-60 years old and fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L)) were assessed for eligibility. Participants were assigned to sprint interval training group (n = 17)¡ concurrent resistance-endurance training group (n = 17) and control group (n = 18). The combined strength-endurance group did 12 weeks¡ three sessions per week of endurance training at 60% of maximal heart rate and two sessions resistance training at 70% 1-RM. Intense interval training group did three sessions/week of four to ten repetitions during 30 seconds. Wingate on ergometer included 10 weeks of concurrent resistance-endurance training and intense interval training. Fasting glucose¡ insulin¡ insulin resistance¡ high sensitivity-C-Reactive protein (hs-CRP)¡ interleukin-6 (IL-6)¡ systolic blood pressure¡ diastolic blood pressure¡ body fat¡ waist circumference (WC)¡ waist to hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were measured before and after 12 weeks of intensive training and combined resistance-endurance training.
The results showed that following sprint interval training¡ there were significant changes in hs-CRP (P 0.05). In addition¡ it was shown that following combined training there were significant differences in body mass (P = 0.032) and waist circumference in the combined training (P = 0.000); sprint interval training (P = 0.001) and resting heart rate in the intense training group (P = 0.01); systolic blood pressure in the combined training (P = 0.005); sprint interval training (P = 0.009) and diastole pressure in combined (P = 0.001) and sprint interval training (P = 0.001). Differences were not significant for fasting blood glucose in the sprint interval training groups (P = 0.000). Serum insulin levels showed significant increases in the SIT (P = 0.000) and Com (P = 0.000)¡ significantly. The data showed significant differences in insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in sprint interval training group (P = 0.000) and concurrent resistance-endurance training (P = 0.008). The data showed no significant difference in fasting blood glucose concentrations (P = 0.171).
Sprint interval training has more effect than combined resistance- endurance training for improving cardiometabolic health and insulin resistance of overweight middle-aged females with diabetes mellitus.

Since less time is spent on occupation-related activities in elderly age and elderlies have more free time¡ their social participation is more enjoyable than non-elderly people. Therefore¡ the present paper aims to conduct a comparative investigation on social participation of dependent and independent elderlies in Elam in 2015.
In present descriptive study¡ 120 elderlies who use and don not use mobility aids in Elam were included based on purposive sampling method. The material was assessment of elderlies’ life habits questionnaire whose reliability and validity were approved in previous studies. The data were analyzed using SPSS -20 by T-test (For two-group variables) and ANOVA (For variables with more than two groups) statistical tests.
The findings showed that social participation of dependent and independent elderlies had statistically significant difference in terms of mobility aids (P The findings of present study indicated that use of mobility aids could affect the social participation of elderlies. The fact that elderlies who use mobility aids exhibit less social participation necessitates further studies in this regard.

Nurses¡ due to work condition and stress that incur at the workplace¡ are at risk of developing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) and this can be effective in development of burnout in these people. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MSDs among nurses and its relationship with burnout.
This descriptive analytical study was performed on 400 nurses at Sari educational hospitals¡ during the first quarter of 2016. The samples were selected by random sampling. Data was collected using Nordic Musculoskeletal (NMQ) and Burnout questionnaires. Data was then analyzed by Chi-square¡ t-test and Pearson''s correlation in SPSS V.18.
The results showed that lower back disorders were the more prevalent (55.8%) disorders in nurses. Also¡ the majority of burnout was for reducing personal accomplishment (31.41 ± 7.39). A significant association was found between MSDs and reduction of personal accomplishment of Burnout (P = 0.001). Musculoskeletal Disorders were significantly associated with age¡ gender¡ body mass index and work experience. Also¡ there was a significant relationship between age and work experience with burnout (P In this study¡ physical condition and inappropriate environmental quality led to development of chronic musculoskeletal pains in nurses. Therefore¡ any intervention for prevention of MSDs and reduction of burnout should focus on reducing physical and psychological pressures and increasing supervisory support.

Hospitalization at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) often leads to some psychiatric problems in the family of the patient. This study aimed at determining the effect of family-centered care on depression¡ anxiety and stress of family caregivers of open-heart surgery patients from admission to discharge.
In this randomized clinical trial¡ 45 caregivers from patients’ families were selected based on convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received routine hospital information as well as informational and emotional care¡ from the day before the surgery to 24 hours before discharge from the hospital. On the other hand¡ the control group received only routine information. Depression¡ anxiety and stress rates of the caregivers in both groups were assessed by the DASS21 Questionnaire before the surgery and 24 hours before discharge. To analyze the data¡ chi-square tests¡ t-test and paired t-test were used.
The findings indicated that both groups were homogeneous in demographic characteristics. The mean score of depression¡ anxiety and stress in the control group on the day before the surgery was 7.27 ± 4.8¡ 9.50 ± 5.8¡ and 11.54 ± 4.7¡ respectively. In the experimental group¡ the rate of depression¡ anxiety¡ and stress were found to be 6.52 ± 3.4¡ 10.73 ± 3.6¡ and 11.69 ± 3.6¡ respectively. The results showed that in both groups¡ there was a decrease in the amount of these three variables 24 hours before hospital discharge. However¡ the amount of decrease was statistically significant in the experimental group (P > 0.001).
According to the results¡ family-centered care reduced depression¡ anxiety and stress in families with ICU patients¡ 24 hours before discharge compared to the admission day. Thus¡ this method can be used for family caregivers during hospitalization of their patients.

One of the major problems in the field of learning is learning disorders. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of neuropsychological rehabilitation for people with learning disabilities in math performance and problem solving.
This study had a quasi-experimental design with two groups. The groups were as follows: a total of 20 individuals¡ 10 with learning disability in math for the first group and 10 in the control group with a learning disability but no intervention. The instruments included neuropsychological rehabilitation program and the tower of London test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 19 and multivariate analysis of covariance.
Data analysis showed that between mean scores of pre-test and post-test in experimental and control groups¡ there was a significant difference (P Considering the positive effect of this method¡ which was of interest to people with disabilities in math learning¡ this study showed that neuropsychological rehabilitation can be an effective way to achieve optimum performance in people who have math learning disability.
Keywords: Rehabilitation Neuropsychology¡ Problem Solving¡ Learning Disability¡ Mathematical